{"id":32259,"date":"2025-02-03T15:12:47","date_gmt":"2025-02-03T15:12:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifelonghearing.com\/sk\/?p=32259"},"modified":"2025-04-28T14:21:10","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T14:21:10","slug":"porucha-sluchu-na-slovensku-a-zivot-s-nou-zobrazeny-v-literature","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifelonghearing.com\/sk\/porucha-sluchu-na-slovensku-a-zivot-s-nou-zobrazeny-v-literature\/","title":{"rendered":"Porucha sluchu na Slovensku a \u017eivot s \u0148ou zobrazen\u00fd v literat\u00fare"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rozhovor s Mgr. Veronikou Vojtechovskou o\u00a0\u010crepin\u00e1ch hluchoty a Mozaike Ticha, ktor\u00fdmi op\u00edsala a\u00a0vyskladala \u017eivot nepo\u010duj\u00facich na Slovensku<\/span><\/b><\/p><\/h1><\/div>

V\u00a0podmienkach Slovenskej republiky je literat\u00fara pre nepo\u010duj\u00facich v\u00fdrazne obmedzen\u00e1. Existuje iba ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo kn\u00edh, ktor\u00e9 by boli prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 potreb\u00e1m a\u00a0pr\u00edbehom os\u00f4b s poruchou sluchu a\u00a0navy\u0161e odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00face ich \u017eivotn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti a perspekt\u00edvy. P\u00edsanie a zdie\u013eanie pr\u00edbehov rozmanit\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed je pritom k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pre podporu inkl\u00fazie a porozumenia. Pr\u00edbehy nepo\u010duj\u00facich m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 ostatn\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom lep\u0161ie pochopi\u0165 ich svet a v\u00fdzvy, ktor\u00fdm \u010delia. Taktie\u017e m\u00f4\u017eu sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako in\u0161pir\u00e1cia a povzbudenie pre samotn\u00fdch nepo\u010duj\u00facich, aby sa c\u00edtili prijat\u00ed a pochopen\u00ed. Touto problematikou sa vo svojich dvoch knih\u00e1ch venovala i\u00a0nepo\u010duj\u00faca 39-ro\u010dn\u00e1 Mgr. Veronika Vojtechovsk\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 pracuje ako editorka Spr\u00e1v v slovenskom posunkovom jazyku v Slovenskej telev\u00edzii a u\u010d\u00ed aj na Pedagogickej fakulte Trnavskej univerzity v\u00a0\u0161tudijnom programe: slovensk\u00fd jazyk v komunik\u00e1cii nepo\u010duj\u00facich.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>

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Veronika sa narodila v Bratislave ako nepo\u010duj\u00face die\u0165a nepo\u010duj\u00facim rodi\u010dom. M\u00e1 taktie\u017e dve nepo\u010duj\u00face sestry. Od troch mesiacov do \u0161iestich rokov \u017eila v Prahe, n\u00e1sledne sa pres\u0165ahovala nazad do Bratislavy, kde \u017eije dodnes aj s jej milovanou babi\u010dkou a vlastnou rodinou \u2013 man\u017eelom a dvoma nepo\u010duj\u00facimi de\u0165mi. Je pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ekou \u00a0jedn\u00e9ho na\u010d\u00favacieho apar\u00e1tu, ktor\u00fd dostala u\u017e ako die\u0165a. Prestala ho pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 na z\u00e1kladnej \u0161kole a znovu za\u010dala a\u017e po naroden\u00ed druh\u00e9ho die\u0165a\u0165a. S man\u017eelom rada sleduje dobr\u00e9 filmy s titulkami, chod\u00ed na prech\u00e1dzky a s rodinou ob\u013eubuje cestovanie a spozn\u00e1vanie r\u00f4znych miest. Nav\u0161tevovala najprv z\u00e1kladn\u00fa \u0161kolu pre \u017eiakov so sluchov\u00fdm postihnut\u00edm na Drot\u00e1rskej ulici v Bratislave, n\u00e1sledne absolvovala Pedagogick\u00fa a soci\u00e1lnu akad\u00e9miu v Lu\u010denci, odbor u\u010dite\u013estvo pre matersk\u00e9 \u0161koly a vychov\u00e1vate\u013estvo. Napokon ukon\u010dila magistersk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadium na Pedagogickej fakulte Univerzity Komensk\u00e9ho v Bratislave, odbor \u0161peci\u00e1lna pedagogika \u2014 pedagogika sluchovo postihnut\u00fdch a pedagogika ment\u00e1lne postihnut\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

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Foto: Mgr. Veronika Vojtechovsk\u00e1 \u2013 editorka spr\u00e1v v slovenskom posunkovom jazyku \/ odborn\u00e1 asistentka filol\u00f3gie slovensk\u00e9ho posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka na oddelen\u00ed slovensk\u00e9ho jazyka v komunik\u00e1cii nepo\u010duj\u00facich \u00a9Private<\/p><\/div>\n

Veronika sa venuje r\u00f4znym aktivit\u00e1m pre deti v r\u00e1mci svojho ob\u010dianskeho zdru\u017eenia Snepeda a\u00a0okrem toho nap\u00edsala dve zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 knihy \u2013 \u010crepiny hluchoty a\u00a0Mozaiku ticha pribli\u017euj\u00face \u017eivot nepo\u010duj\u00facich na Slovensku, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno zaradi\u0165 do \u017e\u00e1nru literat\u00fary faktu a autobiografie. Obidve knihy obsahuj\u00fa ka\u017ed\u00e1 60 r\u00f4znych, a\u00a0pritom skuto\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edbehov spojen\u00fdch s \u010diernobielymi ilustr\u00e1ciami, ktor\u00e9 vytvorila nepo\u010duj\u00faca ilustr\u00e1torka, jej sestra \u2013 Kate\u0159ina Holubov\u00e1. Pr\u00edbehy s\u00fa smutn\u00e9 i vesel\u00e9 a podnecuj\u00fa k zamysleniu.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa Slovensku som nena\u0161la knihy, ktor\u00e9 by op\u00edsali \u017eivot nepo\u010duj\u00facich z in\u00e9ho uhla poh\u013eadu. Chcela som prinies\u0165 hlb\u0161\u00ed poh\u013ead na n\u00e1\u0161 ka\u017edodenn\u00fd \u017eivot, na\u0161e v\u00fdzvy, \u00faspechy, ale aj nepochopenia zo strany po\u010duj\u00facich. P\u00edsanie t\u00fdchto kn\u00edh nebolo len o dokumentovan\u00ed sk\u00fasenost\u00ed, ale aj o rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed pr\u00edbehov, ktor\u00e9 by mohli by\u0165 in\u0161pirat\u00edvne a podnetn\u00e9 pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho,\u201c opisuje svoje pohn\u00fatky k\u00a0nap\u00edsaniu kn\u00edh. Osobn\u00fdmi pr\u00edbehmi, ako i pr\u00edbehmi svojich bl\u00edzkych, sa autorka sna\u017eila \u010do najvernej\u0161ie zachyti\u0165 realitu \u017eivota nepo\u010duj\u00facich. \u201e\u010crepiny hluchoty a Mozaika ticha s\u00fa metaforick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy. Tak ako rozbit\u00e1 v\u00e1za, ktorej \u010drepiny znovu zlep\u00edme, ale zostane nav\u017edy pozna\u010den\u00e1, aj nepo\u010duj\u00faci s\u00fa svojou poruchou sluchu nav\u017edy ovplyvnen\u00ed. Napriek tomu tak\u00e1to v\u00e1za m\u00f4\u017ee na\u010falej plni\u0165 svoj \u00fa\u010del a zachov\u00e1va\u0165 svoju kr\u00e1su, len in\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom. Rovnako i nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u017eij\u00fa plnohodnotn\u00e9 \u017eivoty, no ich svet a pre\u017e\u00edvanie sa v mnohom odli\u0161uj\u00fa od sveta po\u010duj\u00facich. Tieto rozdiely s\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010dinou vzniku predsudkov, neporozumenia, diskrimin\u00e1cie a vyl\u00fa\u010denia nepo\u010duj\u00facich zo spolo\u010dnosti. Postupn\u00fdm odha\u013eovan\u00edm n\u00e1\u0161ho sveta ticha sa vytv\u00e1ra ak\u00e1si mozaika,\u201c dod\u00e1va autorka.<\/p>\n

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Ob\u00e1lka: Vojtechovsk\u00e1, V. \u010crepiny hluchoty. Bratislava: Snepeda, 2023. 154 s. ISBN 978-80-969695-7-9.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201ePon\u00fakam v\u00e1m pr\u00edbehy, nie potom, ale tu a\u00a0teraz.\u201c<\/h2>\n

Opisuje autorka knihu \u010crepiny hluchoty, pri\u010dom odkazuje na obmedzen\u00fd pr\u00edstup k\u00a0inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m a\u00a0\u010dast\u00fa komunika\u010dn\u00fa bari\u00e9ru medzi nepo\u010duj\u00facou a\u00a0po\u010duj\u00facou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou. Okrem toho sa zam\u00fd\u0161\u013ea nad kr\u00e1sou tich\u00e9ho sveta, nad mo\u017enou jednoduchos\u0165ou ur\u010dit\u00fdch zmien v\u00a0spolo\u010dnosti, \u017eivotom pln\u00fdm ne\u010dakan\u00fdch momentov \u010di svetom ticha o\u010dami det\u00ed. \u201e\u017divot je toti\u017e cesta pln\u00e1 \u010drep\u00edn, pln\u00e1 r\u00f4znych situ\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa \u013eu\u010fom denne st\u00e1vaj\u00fa. Situ\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 sa mo\u017eno pre niekoho zdaj\u00fa malichern\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pr\u00e1ve pre nepo\u010duj\u00facich v danej chv\u00edli prek\u00e1\u017ekami, ktor\u00e9 musia zdol\u00e1va\u0165. Verejnos\u0165 si ich neuvedomuje, a\u017e k\u00fdm im to nepo\u010duj\u00faci sami nepovedia. Chcela som pouk\u00e1za\u0165 na to, \u017ee aj ke\u010f nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u017eij\u00fa v tichu, ich \u017eivoty s\u00fa pln\u00e9 farebn\u00fdch zvukov \u2013 t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vn\u00edman\u00e9 inak, ale s\u00fa rovnako hodnotn\u00e9. Aj v ne\u00faplnosti a odli\u0161nosti m\u00f4\u017ee existova\u0165 kr\u00e1sa. Na\u0161e rozdiely n\u00e1s nielen odli\u0161uj\u00fa, ale tie\u017e obohacuj\u00fa.\u201c<\/p>\n

Z knihy sa napr\u00edklad dozviete, \u017ee dom\u00e1ce zvieratko m\u00f4\u017ee plni\u0165 aj in\u00fd \u00fa\u010del, ako len by\u0165 dom\u00e1cim mil\u00e1\u010dikom a\u00a0tie\u017e to, \u017ee nepo\u010dut\u00fd v\u00fdznam slov m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 \u00faplne in\u00fd zmysel pre nepo\u010duj\u00faceho, \u010dasto v\u00a0pozit\u00edvnom zmysle. Autorka poukazuje i na to, \u017ee hudbu mo\u017eno vn\u00edma\u0165 cez vibr\u00e1cie a\u00a0vie si ju u\u017ei\u0165 aj ten, ktor\u00fd ju \u00faplne nepo\u010duje. Podot\u00fdka, ak\u00e9 je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zorn\u00e9 pole a\u00a0vidite\u013en\u00e9 podmienky pre nepo\u010duj\u00facich, aby vedeli spr\u00e1vne odzera\u0165, ale tie\u017e vidie\u0165 posunky. \u017de nepo\u010duj\u00faci maj\u00fa o\u010di aj \u201evzadu\u201c. Samostatne sa venuje titulkovaniu v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch. Ako v\u00a0rozhovore podot\u00fdka, bolo by vhodn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 povinn\u00e9 100-percentn\u00e9 titulkovanie: \u201eNapr\u00edklad v kin\u00e1ch, kde sa premietaj\u00fa animovan\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1vky, s\u00fa tieto zo z\u00e1kona povinne dabovan\u00e9 pre deti do 12 rokov, ale titulky tam u\u017e nie s\u00fa. Taktie\u017e treba zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 po\u010det rel\u00e1ci\u00ed v slovenskom posunkovom jazyku.\u201c<\/p>\n

Autorka poukazuje i\u00a0na \u0161pecifik\u00e1 nepo\u010duj\u00facich, pre\u010do sa zdravia hoci sa nepoznaj\u00fa, ale i\u00a0to, \u017ee ke\u010f nemaj\u00fa sluch v\u00a0dan\u00fd moment kompenzovan\u00fd, neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee nemaj\u00fa vlastn\u00fa identitu a\u00a0jazyk. Podot\u00fdka, \u017ee by\u0165 nepo\u010duj\u00facim neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by nemohol robi\u0165 to, \u010do po\u010duj\u00faci (napr\u00edklad \u0161of\u00e9rova\u0165 auto). O\u010di s\u00fa predsa rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 a\u00a0vyu\u017eite\u013en\u00e9 aj v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, ke\u010f sa po\u010duj\u00faci v\u00a0dan\u00fd moment m\u00f4\u017ee orientova\u0165 len na sluch. Poukazuje na nieko\u013eko \u00fasmevn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00ed zo sveta nepo\u010duj\u00facich a\u00a0\u017ee si ob\u010das treba d\u00e1va\u0165 pozor na to, \u010do posunkuj\u00fa, preto\u017ee na rozdiel od zvuku, s\u00fa posunky vidite\u013en\u00e9 aj na v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie vzdialenosti, kde sa m\u00f4\u017ee nach\u00e1dza\u0165 niekto, kto tie\u017e rozumie posunkov\u00e9mu jazyku. A\u00a0naopak, na\u0161epk\u00e1vanie nemus\u00ed v\u017edy pom\u00f4c\u0165, hlavne ke\u010f nem\u00e1te na\u0161tudovan\u00e9 u\u010divo. Autorka vysvet\u013euje i\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu, kedy sa stret\u00e1vky nepo\u010duj\u00facich za\u010dali pres\u00fava\u0165 viac na soci\u00e1lne siete. Niektor\u00e9 pr\u00edbehy v\u00e1s nenechaj\u00fa chladn\u00fdmi a\u00a0doslova nad nimi kr\u00fatite hlavou (ako napr\u00edklad v\u00a0pr\u00edpade tlmo\u010dn\u00edka cez telef\u00f3n, \u017ee hovori\u0165 pomaly nem\u00e1 znamena\u0165 ne\u00factivos\u0165; v\u00a0pr\u00edpade komunik\u00e1cie na \u00farade, v\u00a0kaviarni, \u010di v\u00a0zmysle nedorozumen\u00ed a\u00a0stereotypiz\u00e1cie\u00a0po\u010duj\u00facou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou). Ako dop\u013a\u0148a: \u201eSna\u017eila som sa v pr\u00edbehoch uk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee r\u00f4zne v\u00fdzvy, pred ktor\u00fdmi stoja nepo\u010duj\u00faci, s\u00fa rie\u0161ite\u013en\u00e9 prostredn\u00edctvom vzdel\u00e1vania, zvy\u0161ovania informovanosti a vytv\u00e1rania pr\u00edstupnej\u0161\u00edch prostred\u00ed. \u010co je v\u0161ak najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie, je vedie\u0165 by\u0165 empatick\u00fd. Vedie\u0165 sa vc\u00edti\u0165 do du\u0161e in\u00fdch, pochopi\u0165, pre\u010do sa tak spr\u00e1vaj\u00fa, a kona\u0165 tak, aby na obidvoch stran\u00e1ch vl\u00e1dla spokojnos\u0165. Niekedy sta\u010dia aj mali\u010dkosti, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu ve\u013ea vec\u00ed zmeni\u0165 a urobi\u0165 svet pr\u00edstupnej\u0161\u00edm.\u201c<\/p>\n

V\u00a0oboch knih\u00e1ch sa autorka samostatne venuje i\u00a0slovensk\u00e9mu posunkov\u00e9mu jazyku, ktor\u00fd pod\u013ea nej \u010del\u00ed viacer\u00fdm v\u00fdzvam, hoci jeho status je v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kedysi. Ovplyvnili to r\u00f4zne faktory, ako COVID-19 a potreba tlmo\u010denia na tla\u010dov\u00fdch konferenci\u00e1ch, otvorenie nov\u00e9ho \u0161tudijn\u00e9ho programu Slovensk\u00fd jazyk v komunik\u00e1cii nepo\u010duj\u00facich na Trnavskej univerzite, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd dopyt po kvalitn\u00fdch tlmo\u010dn\u00edkoch, zaradenie slovensk\u00e9ho posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka do Reprezentat\u00edvneho zoznamu nehmotn\u00e9ho kult\u00farneho dedi\u010dstva Slovenska, jeho kodifik\u00e1cia a podobne. \u201eAv\u0161ak st\u00e1le je pod\u013ea m\u0148a potrebn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ova\u0165 jeho status, vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 vzdel\u00e1vacie a informa\u010dn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, zlep\u0161ova\u0165 pr\u00edstup k r\u00f4znym inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m vo verejn\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00e1ch a v telev\u00edznych programoch, zvy\u0161ova\u0165 po\u010det kvalitn\u00fdch tlmo\u010dn\u00edkov, odstra\u0148ova\u0165 predsudky a nedorozumenia zo strany spolo\u010dnosti a zlep\u0161ova\u0165 podporu posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka v modern\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch. To je iba nieko\u013eko hlavn\u00fdch v\u00fdziev, ktor\u00fdm \u010del\u00ed slovensk\u00fd posunkov\u00fd jazyk, a ich rie\u0161enie vy\u017eaduje komplexn\u00fd pr\u00edstup zo strany \u0161t\u00e1tu, spolo\u010dnosti a odborn\u00edkov v tejto oblasti,\u201c dop\u013a\u0148a. V\u00a0knihe poukazuje i\u00a0na to, \u017ee existuje medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd posunkov\u00fd jazyk, ktor\u00e9mu na rozdiel od jednotliv\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tnych jazykov rozumej\u00fa v\u0161etci.<\/p>\n

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Ob\u00e1lka: Vojtechovsk\u00e1, V. Mozaika ticha. Bratislava: Snepeda, 2023. 175 s. ISBN 978-80-969695-8-6.<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201e...A vy si mozaiku \u017eivota z\u00a0\u010drep\u00edn utvorte, do sveta ticha vojdite, do sveta farieb a\u00a0kr\u00e1s, cho\u010fte znova a\u00a0zas.\u201c<\/h2>\n

Pokra\u010duje autorka v\u00a0pr\u00edbehoch zo sveta nepo\u010duj\u00facich v\u00a0knihe Mozaika ticha, v\u00a0ktorej n\u00e1m pon\u00faka op\u00e4\u0165 nieko\u013eko \u00fasmevn\u00fdch pr\u00edbehov (napr\u00edklad: ako semafor svieti st\u00e1le na \u010derveno, ako sledova\u0165 in\u0161trukcie pri cvi\u010den\u00ed, ako die\u0165a ka\u0161le, pr\u00edbeh s m\u0155tvolou na stole a\u00a0i.). Okrem toho v\u0161ak op\u00e4\u0165 reflektuje i\u00a0na probl\u00e9my a\u00a0v\u00fdzvy nepo\u010duj\u00facich. Obe knihy toti\u017e odkr\u00fdvaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov, s ktor\u00fdmi sa nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u013eudia stret\u00e1vaj\u00fa v ka\u017edodennom \u017eivote. \u201eMedzi hlavn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v t\u00fdchto knih\u00e1ch op\u00edsan\u00e9, patr\u00ed obmedzen\u00fd pr\u00edstup k inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m, soci\u00e1lna integr\u00e1cia a identita, diskrimin\u00e1cia a predsudky, postoj a nedostatok porozumenia po\u010duj\u00facej verejnosti vo\u010di komunite nepo\u010duj\u00facich, komunika\u010dn\u00e9 bari\u00e9ry a\u00a0podobne,\u201c vymenov\u00e1va autorka. Za spomenutie stoja niektor\u00e9 jej pr\u00edbehy zo \u017eivota, ako s\u00fa predsudky spolo\u010dnosti o\u00a0dosiahnute\u013enosti vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho titulu, neumo\u017enenie komunik\u00e1cie nepo\u010duj\u00facemu prostredn\u00edctvom p\u00edsan\u00e9ho slova, automatick\u00e9 h\u00e1dzanie v\u0161etk\u00fdch postihnut\u00ed do jedn\u00e9ho vreca, pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 stru\u010dnos\u0165 podporuj\u00faca ne\u00faplnos\u0165 inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, nedopovedan\u00e9 posolstvo, nepochopenie novin\u00e1rky \u010di u\u0165ahovanie si z\u00a0nedokonale p\u00edsanej sloven\u010diny. Taktie\u017e sa do\u010d\u00edtame o\u00a0mno\u017estve dojemn\u00fdch a\u00a0priate\u013esk\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00ed, ako je to v\u00a0pr\u00edpade kuri\u00e9ra, v pr\u00edstupe v\u00a0re\u0161taur\u00e1cii, v\u00a0opise \u017eivota \u201ekedysi a\u00a0dnes\u201c, v slovenskej rozpr\u00e1vke v\u00a0posunkoch, v\u00a0pr\u00edbehu hluchoslepoty, plotu \u010di v pr\u00edbehoch vlastnej identity. Pod\u013ea slov autorky, \u201e\u017eivot n\u00e1m st\u00e1le p\u00ed\u0161e r\u00f4zne pr\u00edbehy, a preto m\u00e1m v pl\u00e1ne pokra\u010dova\u0165 v tril\u00f3gii. Mo\u017eno sa budem venova\u0165 aj \u010fal\u0161\u00edm titulom. N\u00e1pady m\u00e1m, len ten \u010das \u2013 je ho akosi m\u00e1lo. Ver\u00edm, \u017ee si ho n\u00e1jdem, nie\u010do nap\u00ed\u0161em a pon\u00faknem \u010ditate\u013eom. Okrem toho v r\u00e1mci mojej pr\u00e1ce p\u00ed\u0161em odborn\u00e9 pr\u00edspevky a publik\u00e1cie v oblasti slovensk\u00e9ho posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka,\u201c dop\u013a\u0148a.<\/p>\n

Osobitnou \u010das\u0165ou knihy Mozaika ticha je \u017eivot s\u00a0Covidom, kde autorka pribli\u017euje pand\u00e9miu a\u00a0jej vplyv na nepo\u010duj\u00facich. Ne\u010dakan\u00e9 udalosti toti\u017e v\u017edy vpl\u00fdvaj\u00fa na \u013eud\u00ed r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi, a na nepo\u010duj\u00facich to m\u00e1 zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a v\u00fdrazn\u00fd dopad vzh\u013eadom na komunik\u00e1ciu, pr\u00edstup k inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m a schopnos\u0165 orientova\u0165 sa v neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. Ako uv\u00e1dza: \u201eJe d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 vedie\u0165 sa tomu postavi\u0165 a n\u00e1js\u0165 rie\u0161enie, a to nielen zo strany komunity, ale predov\u0161etk\u00fdm zo strany \u0161t\u00e1tu, ktor\u00fd by sa mal vhodne prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 a\u00a0podpori\u0165 iniciat\u00edvy. Tam, kde s\u00fa inform\u00e1cie vo form\u00e1te zvuku, by ich mali prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 aj in\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom \u2013 napr\u00edklad prostredn\u00edctvom SMS, e-mailov, namiesto sir\u00e9n by mohlo by\u0165 blikanie svetiel, zabezpe\u010dovanie tlmo\u010dn\u00edkov, titulkov a podobne.\u201c Podot\u00fdka, \u017ee nedostatok inform\u00e1ci\u00ed alebo oneskoren\u00fd pr\u00edsun inform\u00e1ci\u00ed sp\u00f4sobuje v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu neistotu, strach nielen o zdravie a \u017eivot seba, ale tie\u017e o bl\u00edzkych. Po\u010das korony toti\u017e nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u010delili \u0161pecifick\u00fdm v\u00fdzvam, ktor\u00e9 sa t\u00fdkali ich ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho \u017eivota, komunik\u00e1cie a pr\u00edstupu k inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m. \u201eNosenie r\u00fa\u0161ok s\u0165a\u017eovalo komunik\u00e1ciu, \u010do bola najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia prek\u00e1\u017eka, a preto sa ihne\u010f za\u010dali vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 prieh\u013eadn\u00e9 r\u00fa\u0161ka alebo \u0161t\u00edty. \u010eal\u0161ou nev\u00fdhodou bola soci\u00e1lna izol\u00e1cia. Nepo\u010duj\u00faci maj\u00fa potrebu stret\u00e1va\u0165 sa medzi sebou kv\u00f4li svojmu jazyku a kult\u00fare, a to v \u010dase pand\u00e9mie nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9, \u010do mohlo ma\u0165 psychosoci\u00e1lny dopad,\u201c dop\u013a\u0148a autorka a\u00a0zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje, \u017ee sa zv\u00fd\u0161ila komunik\u00e1cia v online priestore, kam sa presunuli i mnoh\u00e9 stretnutia a\u00a0podujatia: \u201eMohlo to by\u0165 v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 z h\u013eadiska pr\u00edstupu tlmo\u010dn\u00edkov, ale niektor\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie neboli v\u017edy optim\u00e1lne nastaven\u00e9 na podporu pr\u00edstupu pre nepo\u010duj\u00facich, napr\u00edklad po\u010das v\u00fdu\u010dby v \u0161kol\u00e1ch. Pam\u00e4t\u00e1m si, ako sa moja nepo\u010duj\u00faca dc\u00e9ra u\u010dila doma. U\u010dite\u013eka musela pristupova\u0165 k jednotliv\u00fdm \u017eiakom individu\u00e1lne, aby online komunik\u00e1cia prebiehala hlad\u0161ie, a zvy\u0161ok sa dc\u00e9ra musela u\u010di\u0165 sama,\u201c podot\u00fdka autorka a\u00a0mysl\u00ed si, \u017ee netreba h\u013eada\u0165 iba negat\u00edva, ale aj pozit\u00edva: \u201eA v tomto pr\u00edpade to tie\u017e platilo. Zv\u00fd\u0161ilo sa povedomie o tlmo\u010dn\u00edkoch slovensk\u00e9ho posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka, ktor\u00ed museli v kr\u00edzov\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch st\u00e1\u0165 ved\u013ea kompetentn\u00fdch os\u00f4b a tlmo\u010di\u0165 n\u00e1m bez r\u00fa\u0161ok r\u00f4zne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie,\u201c uzatv\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201e\u017divot nie je o\u00a0bari\u00e9re, pri ktorej sa narieka, ale o\u00a0prek\u00e1\u017ekach, ktor\u00e9 treba zdol\u00e1va\u0165.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u201eNe\u013eutujte, \u017ee nepo\u010dujeme, radujte sa s nami, \u017ee vn\u00edmame farebn\u00fd svet! Chceme len, aby sme sa po\u010d\u00favali navz\u00e1jom. Nie uchom, ale srdcom...\u201c<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\"\"

Mgr. Veronika Vojtechovsk\u00e1 (foto: \u00a9Private)<\/p><\/div>\n

Vo v\u0161eobecnej rovine smerovala i tak\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka na autorku, \u010do by chcela zmeni\u0165 na pr\u00edstupe \u0161t\u00e1tu a\u00a0verejnosti k\u00a0nepo\u010duj\u00facim na Slovensku a\u00a0vo svete. Tvrd\u00ed toti\u017e, \u017ee u nepo\u010duj\u00facich je z\u00e1sadn\u00e1 komunika\u010dn\u00e1 a informa\u010dn\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra, pri\u010dom pr\u00e1ve tieto bari\u00e9ry s\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa ich ka\u017edodenn\u00fd \u017eivot. \u201eNielen \u0161t\u00e1t, verejnos\u0165, ale aj samotn\u00ed nepo\u010duj\u00faci by sa mali usilova\u0165 o v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu inkl\u00faziu, rovnos\u0165 a re\u0161pektovanie pr\u00e1v. \u010co by mohol \u0161t\u00e1t, verejn\u00e9 in\u0161tit\u00facie, firmy a spolo\u010dnosti urobi\u0165, je zabezpe\u010di\u0165 povinn\u00e9 100-percentn\u00e9 titulkovanie v\u00a0m\u00e9di\u00e1ch \u2013 nielen verejnopr\u00e1vnych telev\u00edznych stan\u00edc, ale tie\u017e in\u00fdch s\u00fakromn\u00fdch alebo online vysielan\u00ed, ako aj vo videonahr\u00e1vkach zverejnen\u00fdch v soci\u00e1lnych m\u00e9di\u00e1ch. Taktie\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 po\u010det rel\u00e1ci\u00ed v slovenskom posunkovom jazyku,\u201c pr\u00edzvukuje a\u00a0vymenov\u00e1va \u010fal\u0161ie potrebn\u00e9 kroky: \u201eZabezpe\u010di\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edstup k tlmo\u010dn\u00edkom pri verejn\u00fdch udalostiach, kr\u00edzov\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch spolo\u010densk\u00fdch podujatiach. Je tie\u017e d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby boli inform\u00e1cie v\u0161ade tam, kde je zvuk, plne pr\u00edstupn\u00e9, \u010di u\u017e vo forme textu alebo vizu\u00e1lnych zobrazen\u00ed \u2013 vo verejn\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch, kult\u00farnych in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00e1ch, zdravotn\u00edckych zariadeniach a podobne. Dobr\u00e9 by bolo myslie\u0165 aj na podporu vzdel\u00e1vania det\u00ed s poruchou sluchu a zabezpe\u010di\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu dostupnos\u0165 logop\u00e9dov, \u0161peci\u00e1lnych pedag\u00f3gov a psychol\u00f3gov, ktor\u00ed by ovl\u00e1dali slovensk\u00fd posunkov\u00fd jazyk pre \u013eah\u0161iu a pr\u00edstupnej\u0161iu komunik\u00e1ciu s nepo\u010duj\u00facimi. \u0160t\u00e1t by tie\u017e mohol motivova\u0165 zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov, aby vytv\u00e1rali pr\u00edstupn\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 prostredie pre nepo\u010duj\u00facich. Vo viacer\u00fdch oblastiach s\u00fa niektor\u00e9 veci legislat\u00edvne v poriadku, ale praktick\u00e9 kroky zo strany \u0161t\u00e1tu, verejnosti a in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed st\u00e1le ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa,\u201c uzatv\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0uveden\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee pre nepo\u010duj\u00facich je pr\u00edstup k inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m \u010dasto limitovan\u00fd. Mnoh\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii len v hovorenom slove alebo bez prekladu do posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka. To m\u00f4\u017ee vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 bari\u00e9ry v pr\u00edstupe k vzdelaniu, zamestnaniu a ka\u017edodenn\u00fdm inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby sme pracovali na spr\u00edstupnen\u00ed inform\u00e1ci\u00ed v r\u00f4znych form\u00e1toch, vr\u00e1tane titulkov, tlmo\u010dn\u00edkov posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka a digit\u00e1lnych n\u00e1strojov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 prekona\u0165 tieto prek\u00e1\u017eky. Taktie\u017e soci\u00e1lna integr\u00e1cia a\u00a0inkl\u00fazia nepo\u010duj\u00facich os\u00f4b je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm faktorom ich celkovej pohody. Nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u010dasto \u010delia v\u00fdzvam, ako je pocit izol\u00e1cie alebo neprijatia v po\u010duj\u00facej spolo\u010dnosti. Identita nepo\u010duj\u00facich je \u00fazko sp\u00e4t\u00e1 s komunitou nepo\u010duj\u00facich a kult\u00farou posunkov\u00e9ho jazyka. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby bola t\u00e1to identita re\u0161pektovan\u00e1 a\u00a0podporovan\u00e1. Nepo\u010duj\u00faci sa m\u00f4\u017eu stret\u00e1va\u0165 i s diskrimin\u00e1ciou a predsudkami vo\u010di svojej komunite. Stereotypy a myln\u00e9 predstavy o nepo\u010duj\u00facich m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k nespravodliv\u00e9mu zaobch\u00e1dzaniu a obmedzen\u00fdm pr\u00edle\u017eitostiam. Boj proti diskrimin\u00e1cii je nevyhnutn\u00fd na zabezpe\u010denie rovnak\u00fdch pr\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch. To zah\u0155\u0148a zvy\u0161ovanie povedomia, vzdel\u00e1vanie verejnosti a tvorbu inkluz\u00edvnych polit\u00edk. V\u00a0tomto smere aj vzdel\u00e1vanie a zv\u00fd\u0161enie povedomia o kult\u00fare nepo\u010duj\u00facich a ich potreb\u00e1ch m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161i\u0165 vz\u0165ahy a komunik\u00e1ciu medzi po\u010duj\u00facimi a nepo\u010duj\u00facimi.<\/p>\n

A ak\u00e9 rady by dala autorka kn\u00edh rodi\u010dom nepo\u010duj\u00facich det\u00ed, pre ktor\u00fdch je situ\u00e1cia nov\u00e1 a nepoznan\u00e1?<\/h2>\n

\u201eCh\u00e1pem a viem, ak\u00e9 to mus\u00ed by\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je, aby sa rodi\u010dia neuzavreli, neobvi\u0148ovali sa, ale vyh\u013eadali pomoc, ktor\u00fa potrebuj\u00fa, a rozpr\u00e1vali sa o tom. V prvom rade by mali z\u00edskava\u0165 inform\u00e1cie nielen od po\u010duj\u00facich a nepo\u010duj\u00facich odborn\u00edkov, ale i od samotn\u00fdch nepo\u010duj\u00facich a in\u00fdch rodi\u010dov s nepo\u010duj\u00facimi de\u0165mi. Sledujte pokroky, aj ke\u010f bud\u00fa mal\u00e9, neporovn\u00e1vajte ich s in\u00fdmi, bu\u010fte trpezliv\u00ed a\u00a0flexibiln\u00ed! Ka\u017ed\u00e9 die\u0165a m\u00e1 svoje tempo, u\u010d\u00ed sa vn\u00edma\u0165 svet a rozv\u00edja sa. Nebojte sa s die\u0165a\u0165om komunikova\u0165! Ak\u00e1ko\u013evek komunik\u00e1cia je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1, nebojte sa nau\u010di\u0165 sa i posunkov\u00fd jazyk, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre die\u0165a efekt\u00edvnym sp\u00f4sobom komunik\u00e1cie. A d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je aj to, aby rodi\u010dia viedli die\u0165a tak, aby vedelo \u017ei\u0165 samostatne, l\u00e1skyplne a so zdrav\u00fdm sebavedom\u00edm,\u201c pripom\u00edna autorka a\u00a0k\u00a0tomu pon\u00faka jeden pr\u00edzna\u010dn\u00fd cit\u00e1t: \u201eDaj mu rybu, nak\u0155mi\u0161 ho len na jeden de\u0148, nau\u010d ho lovi\u0165, nak\u0155mi\u0161 ho na cel\u00fd \u017eivot.\u201c<\/p>\n

A ak\u00e9 rady by dala autorka nepo\u010duj\u00facim de\u0165om?<\/h2>\n

\u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 svoje sny, nesmie sa v\u0161ak b\u00e1\u0165 \u00eds\u0165 za nimi a bojova\u0165, pok\u00fdm sa to d\u00e1. Nevzd\u00e1vaj sa! Neboj sa komunikova\u0165 a v\u017edy h\u013eadaj rie\u0161enie, aby boli spokojn\u00e9 obidve strany! \u017dijeme vo svete digit\u00e1lnych technol\u00f3gi\u00ed a r\u00f4znych mo\u017enost\u00ed, vyu\u017ei to, \u010do ti svet pon\u00faka, a prisp\u00f4sob to svojim potreb\u00e1m! D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je v\u0161ak by\u0165 sebavedom\u00fd, sebesta\u010dn\u00fd, poctiv\u00fd, empatick\u00fd, zodpovedn\u00fd, vedie\u0165 dotiahnu\u0165 veci do konca. To, \u017ee nepo\u010duje\u0161, neber ako prek\u00e1\u017eku a sk\u00fas to bra\u0165 ako v\u00fdsadu! Najcennej\u0161ia vec, ktor\u00fa m\u00e1\u0161, je pr\u00e1ve tvoja odli\u0161nos\u0165!\u201c<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1ver n\u00e1m autorka kn\u00edh \u010crepiny hluchoty a\u00a0Mozaika ticha Mgr. Veronika Vojtechovsk\u00e1 prezentuje d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 posolstvo o\u00a0\u013eu\u010foch s\u00a0poruchou sluchu:<\/strong> \u201e\u013dudia s poruchou sluchu s\u00fa plnohodnotn\u00fdmi \u010dlenmi spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa rovnak\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na re\u0161pekt, pr\u00edle\u017eitosti a porozumenie ako ka\u017ed\u00fd in\u00fd. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je, aby sme zlep\u0161ovali pr\u00edstupnos\u0165 v spolo\u010dnosti, vr\u00e1tane vzdel\u00e1vania, pracovn\u00e9ho prostredia a be\u017en\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Nebojte sa s nami, nepo\u010duj\u00facimi, komunikova\u0165! Ke\u010f sa otvor\u00edme r\u00f4znym sp\u00f4sobom komunik\u00e1cie a zapoj\u00edme sa do vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9ho porozumenia, svet sa st\u00e1va bohat\u0161\u00edm, spravodlivej\u0161\u00edm a priate\u013eskej\u0161\u00edm. Ne\u013eutujte, \u017ee nepo\u010dujeme, radujte sa s nami, \u017ee vn\u00edmame farebn\u00fd svet! Chceme len, aby sme sa po\u010d\u00favali navz\u00e1jom. Nie uchom, ale srdcom.\u201c<\/p>\n

V\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee by ste si chceli \u010crepiny hluchoty a\u00a0Mozaiku ticha od autorky zak\u00fapi\u0165, kontaktujte ju e-mailom na: snepeda@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Autor: Miroslava Zemanov\u00e1<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rozhovor s Mgr. Veronikou Vojtechovskou o \u010crepin\u00e1ch hluchoty a Mozaike Ticha, ktor\u00fdmi op\u00edsala a vyskladala \u017eivot<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":32260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[415],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zivot-sk"],"yoast_head":"\nPorucha sluchu na Slovensku a \u017eivot s \u0148ou zobrazen\u00fd v literat\u00fare - Slovak<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lifelonghearing.com\/sk\/porucha-sluchu-na-slovensku-a-zivot-s-nou-zobrazeny-v-literature\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Porucha sluchu na Slovensku a \u017eivot s \u0148ou zobrazen\u00fd v literat\u00fare - Slovak\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rozhovor s Mgr. 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