{"id":22202,"date":"2022-11-15T15:28:19","date_gmt":"2022-11-15T14:28:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifelonghearing.com\/?p=22202"},"modified":"2025-04-17T04:48:19","modified_gmt":"2025-04-17T04:48:19","slug":"trenink-sluchu-s-kochlearnim-implantatem-proc-kde-a-jak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifelonghearing.com\/cs\/trenink-sluchu-s-kochlearnim-implantatem-proc-kde-a-jak\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e9nink sluchu s kochle\u00e1rn\u00edm implant\u00e1tem: pro\u010d, kde a jak?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implant\u00e1t \u2013 st\u00e1le ne Plug & Play<\/h1><\/div>

Tr\u00e9nink sluchu s kochle\u00e1rn\u00edm implant\u00e1tem: v\u00edte, pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd? Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj technologi\u00ed kochle\u00e1rn\u00edch implant\u00e1t\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uje nejen p\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zvuk a lep\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di, ale tak\u00e9 mnohem rychlej\u0161\u00ed adaptaci sluchu. P\u0159esto je vhodn\u00e1 sluchov\u00e1 terapie po implantaci, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje je\u0161t\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch s t\u00edmto sluchov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/span><\/div>

B\u011b\u017en\u00e1 naslouch\u00e1tka do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry zesiluj\u00ed zvuky, ale pro osoby s hlubokou nedosl\u00fdchavost\u00ed nebo hluchotou nejsou dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed. Kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty p\u0159\u00edmo stimuluj\u00ed sluchov\u00fd nerv. To umo\u017e\u0148uje lidem s hlubokou ztr\u00e1tou sluchu sly\u0161et. Takto z\u00edskan\u00fd nervov\u00fd impuls je podobn\u00fd p\u0159irozen\u00e9mu sluchov\u00e9mu sign\u00e1lu, ale centr\u00e1ln\u00ed sluchov\u00fd syst\u00e9m se mu mus\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry p\u0159izp\u016fsobit.<\/p>\n

V posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch se sluchov\u00e1 technika v\u00fdrazn\u011b zdokonalila. To se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v p\u0159irozen\u00e9m zvukov\u00e9m obrazu s CI a tak\u00e9 v lep\u0161\u00edm a rychlej\u0161\u00edm porozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di. Kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implant\u00e1t v\u0161ak nepat\u0159\u00ed mezi technologie plug and play, na kter\u00e9 jsme zvykl\u00ed u modern\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je nutn\u00fd tr\u00e9nink sluchu?<\/h2>\n

N\u00e1\u0161 sluchov\u00fd syst\u00e9m funguje ji\u017e u nenarozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed od 24. t\u00fddne t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Pokud se d\u00edt\u011b narod\u00ed nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed nebo nedosl\u00fdchav\u00e9, mus\u00ed p\u0159ed obdr\u017een\u00edm sluchov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu dohnat nejen v\u00fdvoj \u0159e\u010di, ale tak\u00e9 prenat\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u010d\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve je p\u00e9\u010de o sluch zaji\u0161t\u011bna, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b terapie je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed. U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 jsou prvn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed, a to je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed implantac\u00ed naslouch\u00e1tek.<\/p>\n

\u00dadaje ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee sluchov\u00e1 rehabilitace po kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implantaci v\u00fdrazn\u011b prosp\u00edv\u00e1 i dosp\u011bl\u00fdm nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm. S odkazem na jednu star\u0161\u00ed studii z kliniky Koblenz-Montabaur [1], Dr. Roland Zeh, vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 Centra pro rehabilitaci CI v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m Bad Nauheimu, a Prof. Dr. Uwe Baumann, audiolog a specialista na CI v univerzitn\u00ed nemocnici ve Frankfurtu nad Mohanem, dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: \u201ePro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fasp\u011bchu l\u00e9\u010dby by m\u011bla b\u00fdt rehabilita\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed v nemocnici ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed komplexn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b a pokud mo\u017eno by m\u011bla prob\u00edhat v prvn\u00edm roce po implantaci.\u201c<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdhody tr\u00e9ninku sluchu?<\/h2>\n

Prof. Baumann a Dr. Zeh ve studii [2], kter\u00e9 se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 1 355 u\u017eivatel\u016f CI, zkoumali, kter\u00e9 faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost takov\u00e9to \u00fastavn\u00ed rehabilitace sluchu. Shrnuj\u00ed, \u2063\u2063\u017ee \u201ev pr\u016fm\u011bru do\u0161lo k n\u00e1r\u016fstu o 20 procentn\u00edch bod\u016f oproti vstupn\u00edmu testu\u201c. P\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 bylo, \u017ee i u t\u011bch star\u0161\u00edch pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed podstoupili implantaci po del\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b hluchoty, stejn\u011b jako u pacient\u016f s mnohaletou zku\u0161enost\u00ed s CI, do\u0161lo v d\u016fsledku rehabilita\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1sah\u016f k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu zlep\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed studie nazna\u010dovaly, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 CI v pr\u016fm\u011bru nezaznamenali dal\u0161\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed v porozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b po \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed CI. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b Zeh a Baumann dok\u00e1zali, \u017ee \u201enejlep\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 podpory [\u2026] nen\u00ed dosa\u017eeno pouh\u00fdm del\u0161\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm CI\u201c.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e tyto faktory maj\u00ed vliv na rychlost a rozsah zlep\u0161en\u00ed sluchu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm terapie, dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee \u201ev\u0161echny skupiny pacient\u016f z terapie v\u00fdznamn\u011b profitovaly, a to bez ohledu na v\u011bk, d\u00e9lku hluchoty nebo dobu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed CI. [\u2026] Nasazen\u00ed CI m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed aktivity, participace a kvality \u017eivota. Bez intenzivn\u00ed rehabilitace existuje riziko, \u017ee se tyto v\u00fdsledky nedostav\u00ed v maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e\u201c.<\/p>\n

Co je to tr\u00e9nink sluchu?<\/h2>\n

Rozvoj sluchu v r\u00e1mci (re)habilitace prob\u00edh\u00e1 v p\u011bti z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kroc\u00edch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jednotliv\u00e9 kroky lze v z\u00e1vislosti na individu\u00e1ln\u00edm porozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di tak\u00e9 p\u0159esko\u010dit:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a klasifikace zvuk\u016f.<\/li>\n
  2. Rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u010di, porozum\u011bn\u00ed slov\u016fm a v\u011bt\u00e1m; u d\u011bt\u00ed tak\u00e9 mluven\u00ed<\/li>\n
  3. Slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jazykov\u00e9 jednotky: nov\u00e1 a obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slova, gramatick\u00e9 struktury, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f a komunikace (\u00fastn\u00ed) v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b<\/li>\n
  4. Strategie komunikace ve zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdch poslechov\u00fdch situac\u00edch<\/li>\n
  5. Pro tzv. binaur\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce \u2013 porozum\u011bn\u00ed v hluku a lokalizaci zvuku \u2013 je p\u0159edpokladem oboustrann\u00e9 sly\u0161en\u00ed. U\u0161i se rovn\u011b\u017e procvi\u010duj\u00ed odd\u011blen\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed rehabilitace jsou nav\u00edc i pokyny, jak se sluchadlem zach\u00e1zet a jak o n\u011bj pe\u010dovat. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b l\u016f\u017ekov\u00e9 rehabilitace sluchu je mo\u017en\u00e1 tak\u00e9 podpora ze strany dal\u0161\u00edch terapeut\u016f a tak\u00e9 psychoterapeut\u016f a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f. Krom\u011b toho je podporov\u00e1no navazov\u00e1n\u00ed kontakt\u016f mezi posti\u017een\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n

    Kde mohu naj\u00edt nab\u00eddky pro tr\u00e9nink sluchu?<\/h2>\n

    V podstat\u011b lze cvi\u010dit jak\u00fdkoli sluchov\u00fd vjem. Odborn\u00edci doporu\u010duj\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00ed sluchov\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed. V r\u00e1mci strukturovan\u00e9 sluchov\u00e9 terapie logoped posoud\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav sluchu p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele, uk\u00e1\u017ee jemu a jeho partner\u016fm, jak pokra\u010dovat v n\u00e1cviku doma, a poskytne vhodn\u00fd cvi\u010debn\u00ed materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

    Zde n\u00e1s m\u016f\u017eete kontaktovat a dozv\u011bd\u011bt se v\u00edce o mo\u017enostech rehabilitace sluchu a v\u010dasn\u00e9 podpory ve va\u0161\u00ed zemi. Tipy a cvi\u010debn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, stejn\u011b jako speci\u00e1ln\u00ed cvi\u010debn\u00ed aplikace pro chytr\u00e9 telefony, tablety a po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, nab\u00edzej\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrobci sluchadel a sluchov\u00fdch implant\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Jak si l\u00e9pe rozum\u011bt<\/h2>\n

    Tipy a jednoduch\u00e1 pravidla pro lep\u0161\u00ed komunikaci se sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm i bez n\u011bj<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    N\u011bkter\u00e9 situace, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad konverzace v hlu\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch diskusn\u00edch skupin\u00e1ch nebo v ciz\u00edch jazyc\u00edch, mohou b\u00fdt opravdu n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. Sestavili jsme n\u011bkolik z\u00e1sad, jak si usnadnit komunikaci v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\n

    Ve \u0161koln\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, v kancel\u00e1\u0159i, ob\u00fdvac\u00edm pokoji nebo jin\u00fdch spole\u010dn\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch m\u00e1 smysl optimalizovat akustiku m\u00edstnosti. Tvrd\u00e9 a hladk\u00e9 st\u011bny vedou k odraz\u016fm, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zvy\u0161uj\u00ed hladinu hluku a zt\u011b\u017euj\u00ed konverzaci. V samotn\u00e9m rozhovoru pom\u00e1haj\u00ed jednoduch\u00e1 pravidla:<\/p>\n